[Clark, George Rogers; et al]. Articles of a Treaty between the United States and the Sachems and Warriors of the Wiandot, Delaware, Chippawa and Ottawa Nations; Extracted from The Laws of the United States of America, Vol. 3. Philadelphia (1796) pp. 303-306. [Philadelphia]: [Published by Authority], 1796. [7178]
Removed, 4 pp., fold reinforced with contemporary paper. 4 1/2 x 7 3/4 inches. Printing is a bit off center. Very good. Pamphlet.
The Articles of this Treaty concluded in 1785 at Fort McIntosh along the Ohio River in what is now Beaver, Pennsylvania. The United States treaty commissioners were George Rogers Clark, Richard Butler and Arthur Lee. "As a direct result, the way was cleared for Congress to enact the Land Ordinance of 1785. This became the pattern for ultimately opening all the western territories to boundary surveys and orderly settlement, and marked the real beginning of the westward expansion that continued for the next 100 years." - Fort McIntosh Historic Site online.
The treaty demands that hostages be given from among the Indian chiefs to the Commissioners until such time that all of the prisoners, black or white, that had been taken by the Indians are restored. Also, the Indians acknowledge that they are under the protection of the United States [and not Great Britain or France]. It also established boundaries, Indian hunting rights, the right of the Indians to punish any squatters of any nation on their lands, the Indians removal from certain areas, and the security of the posts at Detroit and at Michillimechenac guaranteed to the United States. The Indians agree to turn over to the United States any of their number who shall commit a murder or robbery upon a US citizen. The treaty establishes that the United States, in its generosity, will distribute goods among the tribes "for their use and comfort." The last article names 3 Delaware chiefs "who took up the hatchet for the United States"; that they, and their families, will be reunited with the Delaware nation, shall receive the equal allotment, and shall be treated as if they had never sided with the United States in war.